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Desert Seed Resource Center

Desert Seed Resource CenterDesert Seed Resource CenterDesert Seed Resource Center

Seed Orchard, Discovery Park

Rows of pink flowers with mountain backdrop.

Desert Seed Resource Center's Seed Orchard in Safford, AZ.

Seed Orchard, Discovery Park

 A seed orchard is a term we use for a site where native plant species are grown in a farm setting for seed harvesting. We often use it to refer to our demonstration plot at Eastern Arizona College’s Discovery Park campus.  


 It is estimated that millions of pounds of seeds are needed for ecological restoration projects across the United States. There are not enough wild seeds to fill this need, so seed farming has been identified as a strategy to meet this need without compromising the integrity of wild plant populations. This is because a seed orchard can use a small number of wild seeds from one or more genetically similar populations of a plant species, grow them out in a farm setting, and then harvest the next generation of seeds for use directly in a restoration project or to give to a farmer who can grow them out at a much larger scale. Scale depends on the project the seeds will be used in, and we work with the land managers who need the seeds to make those decisions.  


 DSRC is growing wild plant species at our demonstration plot to identify which wild species are able to grow and produce seeds successfully in a farm setting without losing their ability to continue to thrive in the wild. Not all species lend themselves to this for a variety of reasons, but since many have never been grown in a farm setting, we don’t know until we try. The species that are grown successfully will have a set of protocols written by DSRC to share with others that are interested, including our partner farmers.   


 Plants used at a project site need to be chosen thoughtfully. This means taking into account the various factors affecting the site they will occupy, matching the ecosystem services they provide (such as erosion control or wildlife support) with the goals of the project, and making sure that the seeds come from populations that can thrive at the site once the initial project is complete. 


Of course! Commercial producers are an important part of this work and help keep the cost of seeds down. They typically have large quantities of seeds, but their seeds aren’t always well adapted or genetically appropriate to the area being restored. Using seeds from a commercial grower is a great strategy for some situations, but it depends again on the goal of the project. 


Just as we don’t always know which plants will do well in a farm setting, we are not always certain how far a plant species can travel from its place of origin in the wild and still thrive. The current research shows that using seeds from plants that grow naturally close to your project sites is typically the only plants remaining at a site 10+ years after the project ends. This is true even if the other plants are the same species but collected from further away. This is due to genetic variability in plants, but there is much research still to be done. So, when in doubt, get your seeds from as close as possible! 


Yes, please! If you want to grow native species in your yard, visit this page to find a nursery near you that provides them. If you are currently a farmer and would like to be a partner farmer with Desert Seed Resource Center, please email grow@desertseeds.org for more information.  


We can always use extra hands for tasks like maintaining the seed orchard or seed cleaning. If you are interested and live in the Gila Valley, please email Kara at kbarron@desertseeds.org for current opportunities and information.


What's Growing

Parry’s penstemon, Parry’s beardtongue

Parry’s penstemon, Parry’s beardtongue

Parry’s penstemon, Parry’s beardtongue

Penstemon parryii – Scrophulariaceae


This gorgeous plant is native to central Arizona and Sonora. It has spikes of bright pink tubular flowers that bloom between March and May, along with pale green leaves. It is typically found in the wild on hillsides, outwash slopes, and along canyons between 1,500-5,000 ft (457-1524 m) in elevation. Th

Penstemon parryii – Scrophulariaceae


This gorgeous plant is native to central Arizona and Sonora. It has spikes of bright pink tubular flowers that bloom between March and May, along with pale green leaves. It is typically found in the wild on hillsides, outwash slopes, and along canyons between 1,500-5,000 ft (457-1524 m) in elevation. They are typically 2 to 4 feet tall but can get as tall as 5 feet. They want full to part sun with dry, well-draining soil and will bring many types of bees and hummingbirds to the playground. This plant will die back in the winter and reemerge in the spring, so don’t panic when it goes dormant. It’s (probably) not dead! 

cane bluestem, blueberry grass

Parry’s penstemon, Parry’s beardtongue

Parry’s penstemon, Parry’s beardtongue

Bothriochloa barbinodis – Poaceae


This good-smelling grass is found throughout much of the southern half of the US and extends south through Mexico and Central America, all the way to Argentina. It has feathery flower clusters that are found in open range lands, on dry, rocky or sandy slopes and plains, and graded roadsides from 1,000-6,00

Bothriochloa barbinodis – Poaceae


This good-smelling grass is found throughout much of the southern half of the US and extends south through Mexico and Central America, all the way to Argentina. It has feathery flower clusters that are found in open range lands, on dry, rocky or sandy slopes and plains, and graded roadsides from 1,000-6,000 ft (305-1829 m) in elevation. Those feathery spikes of flowers typically respond to the monsoon moisture, flowering from August to September, but in an irrigated field it will bloom from late spring to fall. They are typically 2 to 4 feet tall. According to Calscape “In its native range, this grass is useful as a forage for grazing animals and a groundcover for revegetating cleared land. It is very drought-resistant. It is considered an indicator of rangeland damage, as it is often one of the first native species to be eliminated when an area is overgrazed.”

gregg's mistflower, boneset

Parry’s penstemon, Parry’s beardtongue

gregg's mistflower, boneset

Conoclinium dissectum – Asteraceae


Mistflower is a rhizomatous herb, often forming knotty crowns and sometimes basally woody. It rides fairly low to the ground but can get up to about a foot tall (40cm). It is found in sand, loam, clay, or limestone soils, with some moisture in areas such as seasonally flooded stream beds, plains, and over

Conoclinium dissectum – Asteraceae


Mistflower is a rhizomatous herb, often forming knotty crowns and sometimes basally woody. It rides fairly low to the ground but can get up to about a foot tall (40cm). It is found in sand, loam, clay, or limestone soils, with some moisture in areas such as seasonally flooded stream beds, plains, and overflow areas. It can be found in southern Arizona, southern New Mexico, and Texas and also from central to northern Mexico from about 1300-4600 ft (400-1400 m) in elevation. The light purple flower clusters give off the faint scent of apples attract many insects, including Queen (Danaus gilippus) and Monarch (Danaus plexippus) butterflies and flowers in late spring to early summer and again in fall. It is the larval host to the Rawson’s metalmark butterfly (Calephelis rawsoni).

Arizona milkweed

Parry’s penstemon, Parry’s beardtongue

gregg's mistflower, boneset

Asclepias angustifolia – Apocynaceae


Arizona milkweed has white flower clusters that typically bloom from May through August but can bloom at other times of the year. It is a known host of Monarch butterfly larvae (Danaus plexippus), but it attracts many other pollinators and grows to be about 1 to 2 feet tall (20-70 cm). There are about 3

Asclepias angustifolia – Apocynaceae


Arizona milkweed has white flower clusters that typically bloom from May through August but can bloom at other times of the year. It is a known host of Monarch butterfly larvae (Danaus plexippus), but it attracts many other pollinators and grows to be about 1 to 2 feet tall (20-70 cm). There are about 30 species of milkweed that occur in Arizona and this one occurs from Southern Arizona to Southern Texas, south through Sonora, Chihuahua, and mountainous regions of Mexico to Chiapas. They are most likely to be found in the wild in riparian woodlands, floodplain meadows, cienega edges, canyons and arroyo bottoms from 3,500-7,000 ft (1067-2286 m) in elevation. 

References

  • https://calscape.org/Bothriochloa-barbinodis-(Cane-Bluestem) 
  • https://www.wildflower.org/plants/result.php?id_plant=cogr10 
  • https://swbiodiversity.org/seinet/index.php 
  • Contact us for specific questions

Moments of Joy


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